Conditions We Treat
Osteoporotic Compression Fractures
What Is It?
Osteoporotic compression fractures occur when a vertebra collapses or cracks due to weakened bone strength from osteoporosis. These fractures most commonly affect the thoracic and upper lumbar spine. Unlike traumatic fractures, they often occur with minimal stress such as bending, lifting, or coughing due to fragile bone structure.
Symptoms
- Sudden, sharp mid-back pain
- Pain worsened by standing, walking, or bending
- Relief when lying down
- Gradual height loss over time
- Rounded back or stooped posture (kyphosis)
- Some fractures may be silent until deformity develops
Diagnosis
- Medical history focusing on bone health and fracture risk
- Physical exam identifying spinal tenderness or deformity
- X-rays to identify vertebral collapse
- MRI to distinguish acute versus chronic fractures
- DEXA scan to confirm osteoporosis
- CT scan for complex fractures or procedural planning
Treatment
Conservative Management:
- Pain control with acetaminophen, NSAIDs, or short-term opioids
- Thoracolumbar bracing to support healing
- Activity modification to avoid excessive spinal load
- Physical therapy emphasizing gentle mobility, posture, and core strengthening
Osteoporosis Management:
- Calcium and vitamin D supplementation
- Medications such as bisphosphonates, denosumab, or anabolic agents
- Fall prevention strategies
Procedural Options:
- Vertebroplasty or kyphoplasty for persistent pain or functional limitation
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